UNIT
6
Simple
present (common verbs)
+ 주어
+ 원형동사 (+s)
- 주어
+ do/does + not + 원형동사
? WH (형용사
/ 명사 / 부사)
+ do/does (not) + 주어 + 원형동사...?
Functions:
Habits
e.g. I play golf every weekend.
Stative verbs e.g.
I like pizza.
Facts e.g.
The moon orbits Earth.
Schedules e.g.
The trains leaves at 9:45AM.
Story-telling e.g.
Bob talks to Marie about her exercise routines.
With time expressions:
주어 + 동사 (+ 목적어) + every day / every weekend / once a week /
once in a while
You can also use these
time expression at the beginning of a sentence, but this is less common.
주어 + 부사 (always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom,
rarely, never) + 동사
(+ 목적어)
'Sometimes' can be used
at the beginning or end of a sentence.
Modals
(e.g. can)
+ 주어
+ modal + 원형동사
- 주어
+ modal + not + 원형동사
? WH (형용사
/ 명사 / 부사)
+ modal (not) + 주어 + 원형동사...?
Infinitives
(e.g. have to)
+ 주어
+ 원형동사 (+s) + to + 원형동사
- 주어
+ do/does + not + 원형동사 + to + 원형동사
? WH (형용사
/ 명사 / 부사)
+ do/does (not) + 주어 + 원형동사 + to + 원형동사 ...?
Have to
can mean to have no choice.
Don't have to
can mean to have a choice.
For example, Korean men
have to go to the Army. Korean women don't have to go to the Army, but they
can.
UNIT
7
Simple
past (common verbs)
+ 주어
+ 과거동사(+s)
- 주어
+ did + not + 원형동사
? WH (형용사
/ 명사 / 부사)
+ did (not) + 주어 + 원형동사...?
Functions:
Completed actions at a
specific time in the past e.g. I went to Hong Kong
last year.
Simple
past (be verb)
+ 주어
+ was/were
- 주어
+ was/were + not + 원형동사
? WH (형용사
/ 명사 / 부사)
+ was/were (not) + 주어...?
Functions:
Describes states at a
specific time in the past e.g. It was cold yesterday.
Shakespeare was from Stratford-upon-Avon.
UNIT
8
Comparatives and
superlatives
|
Syllables
|
Adjective
|
Comparative
|
Superlative
|
|
1
|
small
|
smaller
|
(the) smallest
|
|
2 (end -y)
|
busy
|
busier
|
(the) busiet
|
|
2
|
formal
|
more/less
formal
|
(the) most/least formal
|
|
>2
|
beautiful
|
more/less beautiful
|
(the) most/least beautiful
|
Notes:
1. Some adjectives with three syllables ending
in -y can take the comparative/superlative form -ier/-iest, e.g.
unhealthy-unhealthier-(the) unhealthiest.
2. Some adjectives with two syllables can also
take the comparative/superlative form -er/-est, e.g. stupider OR more stupid.
However, most adjectives with two syllables take the form more/less +
adjective.
Object
pronouns
The object pronouns are
highlighted:
I-you, you-you, we-us, he-him, she-her, they-them, it-it
In a sentence, the indirect object is usually listed after
the direct object.
Example:
I have the jeans to him.
UNIT 9
Modals
(e.g. can)
+ 주어
+ modal + 원형동사
- 주어
+
modal + not + 원형동사
? WH (형용사
/ 명사 / 부사)
+ modal (not) + 주어 + 원형동사...?
Functions:
Should
can be used to give advice. e.g. You should take a
taxi to Gangnam. It's the fastest way.
Could
can be used to give alternatives. e.g. We could have
noodles or a sandwich for lunch.
be
going to
+ 주어
+ be going to + 원형동사
- 주어
+ be going to + not + 원형동사
? WH (형용사
/ 명사 / 부사)
+ be(not) + 주어 + going to + 원형동사 ...?
Functions:
Be going is used to
describe future plans e.g. I am going to go to
Jeju Island this summer vacation.
UNIT 10
Comparatives and
superlatives
|
Syllables
|
Adjective
|
Comparative
|
Superlative
|
|
1
|
small
|
smaller
|
(the) smallest
|
|
2 (end -y)
|
busy
|
busier
|
(the) busiet
|
|
2
|
formal
|
more/less
formal
|
(the) most/least formal
|
|
>2
|
beautiful
|
more/less beautiful
|
(the) most/least beautiful
|
Notes:
1. Some adjectives with three syllables ending
in -y can take the comparative/superlative form -ier/-iest, e.g.
unhealthy-unhealthier-(the) unhealthiest.
2. Some adjectives with two syllables can also
take the comparative/superlative form -er/-est, e.g. stupider OR more stupid.
However, most adjectives with two syllables take the form more/less +
adjective.
Too and enough
Too
and enough are used with adjectives to show what is satisfactory or
unsatisfactory.
Unsatisfactory:
too + adj
e.g. This bag is too heavy.
not adj + enough
e.g. This bag is not light enough.
Satisfactory:
not too + adj
e.g. This bag is not too heavy.
adj + enough
e.g. This bag is light enough.
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